TL;DR:
For the best results, always hand wash your sneakers. Start by removing the laces and insoles to clean them separately. Use a soft-bristled brush to remove any loose dirt from the shoe’s surface. Create a cleaning solution with mild soap and warm water, then use the brush to gently scrub the uppers, midsoles, and outsoles. Wipe away the soap with a damp microfiber cloth. Finally, stuff the sneakers with paper towels and let them air dry completely in a well-ventilated area, away from direct heat or sunlight.
The global sneaker market is a cultural and economic powerhouse, with valuations soaring past $70 billion and showing no signs of slowing down. Sneakers are no longer just for the gym; they are fashion statements, collector’s items, and a core part of modern identity. From classic canvas Chuck Taylors to high-tech Nike Flyknit runners, the shoes we wear say a lot about us. This evolution has turned sneaker care from a simple chore into a necessary skill for protecting a valuable investment and maintaining personal style.
Understanding how to wash sneakers properly is essential because modern footwear is crafted from a complex mix of materials. A single pair might feature leather panels, a mesh upper, a foam midsole, and rubber accents. Using a one-size-fits-all cleaning method is a recipe for disaster, potentially leading to discoloration, material damage, or glue separation. The right approach depends entirely on the materials you’re working with. This knowledge empowers you to restore your favorite pair to its former glory without risking permanent harm, ensuring they look fresh for years to come.
Pre-Cleaning Prep: The Steps You Can’t Afford to Skip
Before a single drop of water touches your shoes, a few preparatory steps can make the difference between a successful cleaning and a disappointing outcome. This initial phase is all about setting the stage for a deep, effective clean by removing surface-level grime and isolating different parts of the sneaker for individual treatment. Rushing this process often leads to smeared dirt and lackluster results. Taking just five extra minutes here ensures the actual washing process is more efficient and yields a much better finish.
Removing Laces and Insoles
First, always unlace your sneakers. Attempting to clean shoes with the laces still in them prevents you from reaching the tongue and eyelets, where dirt and bacteria love to hide. More importantly, laces often require a different cleaning method than the shoe itself. For most cotton or synthetic laces, the best approach is to submerge them in a small bowl of warm water with a bit of laundry detergent or dish soap. Let them soak while you clean the rest of the shoe, then scrub them gently, rinse, and hang them to dry.
Next, take out the insoles. The inside of a shoe is a prime environment for odor-causing bacteria. Removing the insoles allows you to clean them directly and lets the interior of the sneaker air out. Most insoles can be cleaned by wiping them down with a cloth dipped in a soapy water solution. For persistent odors, sprinkle them with baking soda, let it sit for a few hours to absorb the smell, and then brush it off. This step is critical for comprehensive freshness.
Dry Brushing for Surface Debris
With the laces and insoles out, your next move is to tackle the loose dirt, dust, and mud caked on the surface. Grab a soft-bristled shoe brush or an old toothbrush and thoroughly brush the entire sneaker. Pay close attention to the midsole seams and any textured areas on the outsole where dirt gets trapped. The goal is to remove as much dry debris as possible. This prevents you from turning dry dirt into mud once you introduce a cleaning solution, which can stain lighter-colored fabrics like canvas or mesh. This simple action is one of the most effective ways to ensure a clean, even finish.
The Hand-Washing Method: Your Safest Bet for Most Sneakers
When it comes to cleaning sneakers, the hand-washing method is the undisputed champion. It offers you complete control over the amount of water, the type of cleaning solution, and the pressure you apply, making it the safest and most effective technique for nearly every material, from delicate knits to sturdy leather. While it requires more effort than tossing your shoes in a machine, the superior results and reduced risk of damage make it the go-to choice for anyone serious about sneaker care. This hands-on approach allows you to address specific stains and materials with the precision they require.
Creating the Perfect Cleaning Solution
The right cleaning solution is gentle yet effective. You don’t need harsh chemicals to get the job done. For most situations, a simple mixture of mild dish soap and warm water is perfect. Use a soap free of dyes and fragrances to avoid staining or leaving residue. Alternatively, many excellent specialized sneaker cleaners are available from brands like Jason Markk or Reshoevn8r. These are formulated to be safe on a wide range of materials and often come with a set of brushes.
For a powerful DIY option, you can create a paste using equal parts baking soda and water. This is particularly effective on white canvas and rubber midsoles for lifting stubborn stains. No matter which solution you choose, always test it on a small, inconspicuous area of the sneaker first to ensure it doesn’t cause any discoloration.
Step-by-Step Upper and Midsole Cleaning
Once your solution is ready, dip a soft-bristled brush into it and begin gently scrubbing the uppers of the sneaker in a circular motion. The soft bristles will work the cleaner into the fabric without causing pilling or fraying. For more durable areas like the rubber midsole or outsole, you can switch to a medium-bristled brush to tackle tougher scuffs and grime. Work in small sections, applying light to moderate pressure.
The key is to avoid completely saturating the shoe with water, especially with materials like leather or synthetics that have glued seams. Too much water can weaken adhesives and lead to sole separation over time. Focus on creating a light foam on the surface, which is what lifts the dirt away from the material.
Rinsing and Wiping Down
After you’ve scrubbed the entire shoe, it’s time to remove the soap and dirt. Instead of running the sneaker under a faucet, which can oversaturate it, use a clean microfiber towel. Dampen the towel with clean water and wring it out so it’s not dripping. Carefully wipe down all the surfaces you cleaned, rinsing the towel frequently. The microfiber material is excellent at picking up soap residue and leftover grime. This controlled rinsing method protects the shoe’s structure while ensuring no cleaning solution is left behind to attract more dirt.
Machine Washing Sneakers: When and How to Do It Right
The idea of tossing dirty sneakers into the washing machine is tempting for its convenience. While this method can be effective for certain types of shoes, it comes with significant risks if not done correctly. The aggressive tumbling and high heat of some wash cycles can destroy the glues that hold a sneaker together, warp its shape, and damage delicate materials. Therefore, machine washing should be considered a last resort and only for sneakers made of specific, durable materials. Knowing which shoes can handle it and following a strict protocol is essential to prevent a costly mistake.
Which Materials Are Machine-Washable?
Before you even consider the washing machine, you must identify your sneaker’s material. The only candidates for machine washing are shoes made from canvas, cotton, or some durable synthetic materials like nylon or polyester. Classic sneakers like Converse Chuck Taylors or Vans are generally safe to machine wash.
However, you should never put sneakers made of leather, suede, or nubuck in the washing machine. Water and detergents will permanently damage these materials, causing them to dry out, crack, or stain. Similarly, performance running shoes with delicate knit uppers (like Nike Flyknit or Adidas Primeknit) or shoes with foam-based cushioning should not be machine washed, as the process can compromise their structural integrity and support. If a shoe has any glued-on embellishments or delicate stitching, stick to hand washing.
The Safe Machine-Washing Protocol
If you’ve determined your sneakers are made from a machine-safe material, follow these steps precisely to minimize the risk of damage:
Prep the Shoes: Remove the laces and insoles first. These should be washed separately. Use a soft brush to remove any loose dirt or mud from the shoes.
Use a Mesh Laundry Bag: Place the sneakers inside a mesh laundry bag. This prevents them from getting snagged on the inside of the machine and contains them if a piece comes loose. If you don’t have a mesh bag, an old pillowcase tied shut will work.
Buffer the Load: Add a few old, light-colored towels to the washing machine along with the sneakers. This balances the load and acts as a cushion, preventing the shoes from banging aggressively against the drum during the cycle.
Select the Right Settings: This is the most critical step. Use a delicate or gentle cycle with cold water. Hot water can weaken the adhesives used in shoe construction, causing the soles to separate.
Use a Mild, Liquid Detergent: Use only a small amount of a gentle, liquid laundry detergent. Powdered detergents may not dissolve properly in cold water and can leave a chalky residue on the fabric. Avoid using fabric softener, as it can leave a film on the material.
Tackling Specific Materials: A Fabric-by-Fabric Guide
Not all sneakers are created equal, and the secret to effective cleaning lies in tailoring your approach to the specific materials of your shoe. A method that works wonders on a pair of canvas sneakers could ruin a pair of suede ones. Understanding the properties of each material and the tools best suited for them elevates your cleaning game from basic to expert. This section breaks down the proper techniques for the most common sneaker materials, ensuring you can confidently care for your entire collection.
Cleaning Leather and Faux Leather
Leather is a durable but sensitive material that requires a gentle touch. For both genuine and faux leather, avoid harsh chemicals and excessive water. Start by wiping the surface with a damp cloth to remove surface dirt. For scuffs and stains, use a specialized leather cleaner or a small amount of mild soap on a soft cloth. A magic eraser can be a game-changer for removing scuffs from white leather uppers and midsoles, but use it gently to avoid stripping the finish. After cleaning, wipe the shoe with a clean, damp cloth to remove any soap residue. To finish, apply a leather conditioner to genuine leather sneakers to restore moisture and prevent the material from drying out and cracking.
Caring for Suede and Nubuck
Suede and nubuck are perhaps the most delicate materials to clean because they are extremely sensitive to water, which can cause staining and alter their unique texture. The golden rule for these materials is to avoid water-based cleaners whenever possible. Your primary tools should be a suede eraser and a suede brush. The eraser works like a pencil eraser, gently rubbing away dry stains and scuffs. After using the eraser, use the suede brush to restore the nap, which is the soft, fuzzy texture of the material. Always brush in one direction to maintain a uniform appearance. For tougher stains like oil or grease, apply a bit of cornstarch to the spot, let it sit for a few hours to absorb the oil, and then brush it away.
Washing Canvas and Knit Fabrics (Flyknit/Primeknit)
Canvas and modern knit fabrics are more forgiving and can handle a bit more water than leather or suede. For canvas sneakers, a solution of mild soap and water or a baking soda paste applied with a soft brush works exceptionally well. You can scrub a bit more vigorously on canvas to lift out deep-set dirt.
For knit uppers like Nike’s Flyknit or Adidas’s Primeknit, a gentle approach is best to avoid snagging or stretching the delicate fibers. Use a very soft brush or a microfiber cloth with a mild cleaning solution. Pat the area gently rather than scrubbing aggressively. While some durable canvas shoes can be machine washed, it’s always safer to hand wash knit sneakers to preserve their shape and the integrity of the woven material.
The Art of Drying: How to Avoid Warping and Damage
The cleaning process doesn’t end after the final rinse. How you dry your sneakers is just as important as how you wash them. Improper drying can undo all your hard work, leading to warped shapes, separated soles, and even mold growth. Many people make the mistake of looking for a quick fix, but patience is the key to preserving the form and function of your footwear. Following the correct drying procedure ensures your sneakers not only look clean but also maintain their structural integrity for future wear.
Why You Should Never Use a Machine Dryer
Placing your freshly washed sneakers in a machine dryer is one of the worst things you can do to them. The intense, direct heat generated by a dryer is the enemy of shoe construction. This heat can melt the adhesives that bond the upper to the midsole and the midsole to the outsole, causing them to separate and fall apart. The high temperatures can also cause rubber components to become brittle and crack, and it can shrink or warp synthetic materials like mesh and knit fabrics. The constant tumbling action can also damage the shoe’s shape and cause scuffing. No matter how tempted you are to speed up the process, always keep your sneakers far away from the machine dryer.
The Ideal Air-Drying Technique
The only safe way to dry sneakers is to let them air dry naturally. This method is gentle and preserves the materials and construction of the shoe. To do it correctly, follow these simple but effective steps:
Stuff the Sneakers: Immediately after cleaning, stuff the inside of each shoe with balled-up paper towels, newspaper, or clean rags. This is a crucial step that helps absorb excess moisture from the inside while also helping the sneaker maintain its original shape as it dries. Avoid using newspaper with heavy ink, as it can sometimes transfer onto the shoe’s interior.
Find the Right Location: Place the stuffed sneakers in a dry, well-ventilated area. A spot near an open window or a fan is ideal, as the air circulation will speed up the drying process.
Avoid Direct Heat and Sunlight: Do not place your sneakers next to a radiator, heater, or in direct sunlight. Just like a machine dryer, concentrated heat can damage glue and warp materials. Direct sunlight can also cause the colors of the fabric to fade and can lead to yellowing on white rubber midsoles.
Be Patient: Depending on the material and how wet they got, sneakers can take anywhere from 8 hours to two full days to dry completely. Replace the paper towels inside if they become saturated. Ensure the shoes are 100% dry before wearing them again to prevent any unpleasant odors or mold from developing.
Post-Wash Care and Long-Term Sneaker Maintenance
Getting your sneakers clean is a great accomplishment, but the work doesn’t stop there. Implementing a post-wash care routine and adopting good maintenance habits will keep your shoes looking fresh for much longer and make future cleanings easier. This proactive approach is all about protection and preservation. By taking a few extra steps after they are clean and dry, you can shield your sneakers from the elements and store them in a way that maintains their shape and condition. This is the final piece of the puzzle for expert-level sneaker care.
Protecting Your Clean Sneakers
Once your sneakers are completely dry, the first line of defense is a quality water and stain repellent spray. Products from brands like Crep Protect or Scotchgard create an invisible barrier on the shoe’s surface that causes liquids to bead up and roll off instead of soaking in. This is especially effective for porous materials like canvas, suede, and knit fabrics.
To apply it correctly, hold the can about six inches away from the shoe and apply a light, even coat across the entire upper. Don’t saturate the material; a thin layer is all you need. Let the first coat dry for about 30 minutes, then apply a second coat for maximum protection. Reapply the repellent spray every few weeks or after each deep cleaning to maintain its effectiveness.
Proper Storage Solutions
How you store your sneakers between wears has a significant impact on their longevity. Tossing them into a pile at the bottom of your closet can cause them to lose their shape, get scuffed, and collect dust. Instead, consider a more organized storage solution. Shoe racks are a great option for keeping pairs organized and allowing them to air out. For more valuable or collectible pairs, clear, drop-front sneaker boxes protect them from dust and UV light while keeping them visible. If you plan on storing a pair for an extended period, insert shoe trees to help them maintain their shape perfectly.
Odor Control Between Washes
Even with proper cleaning, odors can develop over time. To keep your sneakers smelling fresh, address odor control between deep cleanings. One of the simplest methods is to place cedar shoe inserts or balls inside your shoes after wearing them. Cedar naturally absorbs moisture and has antibacterial properties that neutralize odors. Alternatively, you can use specialized shoe deodorizer sprays or pouches filled with activated charcoal. A quick DIY fix is to sprinkle a small amount of baking soda inside the shoes and let it sit overnight before shaking it out in the morning. These small habits will make a big difference in the overall freshness of your footwear.
Conclusion
Properly washing your sneakers is a skill that protects your investment and elevates your style. The key takeaways are clear: diligent preparation, like removing laces and dry brushing, sets the foundation for a successful clean. Hand-washing remains the safest and most effective method for the vast majority of materials, while machine washing should be reserved only for durable fabrics and approached with caution. Most importantly, tailoring your technique to the specific material of your shoe and allowing for a patient, natural air-drying process are non-negotiable steps for preventing damage.
By integrating these practices into your routine, you transform sneaker care from a reactive chore into a proactive habit. This approach not only restores the look of your favorite pairs but also significantly extends their lifespan. Start today by applying these expert techniques to your collection. A simple spot clean or a proper hand wash will make an immediate difference, ensuring your sneakers continue to look their best for every step you take. Contact us and Get a Free Quote Today.