TL;DR: To clean most shoes at home, start by removing the laces and insoles to wash them separately. Use a soft brush to remove any loose dirt and debris from the shoe’s surface. Create a gentle cleaning solution by mixing a small amount of mild soap or detergent with warm water. Before cleaning the entire shoe, perform a spot test on a small, less visible area to ensure it doesn’t cause discoloration. Gently scrub the shoes with the solution using a cloth or brush, then wipe away the suds with a clean, damp cloth. Finally, stuff the shoes with paper towels and allow them to air dry completely, away from direct heat or sunlight.
Taking care of your footwear is more than just a matter of appearance; it’s a practical investment. The average American owns around 19 pairs of shoes, and proper maintenance can significantly extend their lifespan, saving you money and reducing waste. A well-cared-for pair of shoes not only looks better but also provides the support and comfort it was designed for. Neglecting them, on the other hand, allows dirt, salt, and moisture to break down materials like leather, suede, and canvas, leading to premature wear, discoloration, and damage.
The key to effective shoe care is understanding that there is no one-size-fits-all method. Each material, from rugged leather to delicate suede, has unique properties and requires a specific cleaning approach. Applying a water-based cleaner to suede can leave permanent stains, while using a harsh brush on patent leather can cause irreversible scratches. This guide provides a detailed breakdown of how to clean shoes at home, focusing on the specific techniques and solutions required for each type of material. By following these steps, you can restore your favorite pairs and keep them looking their best for years to come.
Essential Tools and Prep Work for Any Shoe Type
Before you begin cleaning any pair of shoes, a few preparatory steps can make the process more effective and prevent accidental damage. Setting up a dedicated cleaning station with the right tools ensures you have everything you need on hand. This initial preparation is the foundation for a successful restoration, regardless of whether you’re working on sturdy boots or casual sneakers.
Assembling Your Home Shoe Cleaning Kit
You don’t need expensive, specialized products to achieve professional results. Most of the necessary items are likely already in your home. Having them organized and ready will streamline your work.
- Soft-Bristled Brushes: A shoe brush or even an old toothbrush is perfect for scrubbing away dirt without damaging the material. Have a few sizes available for different areas.
- Microfiber Cloths: These are excellent for applying cleaning solutions and wiping shoes down because they are highly absorbent and non-abrasive.
- Mild Soap: A gentle dish soap or laundry detergent is a versatile cleaner for many shoe types. Avoid anything with harsh chemicals or bleach.
- Baking Soda: A powerful natural deodorizer and a gentle abrasive for tough stains, especially on rubber soles.
- White Vinegar: Its acidic properties make it effective for breaking down salt stains on leather and disinfecting athletic shoes.
- Magic Eraser: This is your secret weapon for scuff marks on midsoles and rubber components. It works by using micro-abrasives to lift away stains.
- Cotton Swabs: Ideal for detailed cleaning in hard-to-reach areas, like around eyelets or along seams.
The Crucial First Steps: Laces, Insoles, and Dry Brushing
Proper preparation is just as important as the cleaning itself. Skipping these initial steps can trap dirt and lead to a less effective clean.
- Remove Laces and Insoles: Always take out the laces and insoles. This allows you to clean them thoroughly and gives you better access to the shoe’s interior and tongue. Laces can be hand-washed in a bowl of soapy water or placed in a small mesh bag and put in the washing machine. Insoles should be wiped down with a cloth and a solution of water and vinegar to combat odor-causing bacteria.
- Perform a Thorough Dry Brush: Before introducing any liquid, use a dry, soft brush to remove all loose dirt, dust, and mud from the shoe’s surface and soles. This is critical because adding water to a dirty shoe can turn dust into a muddy paste, making it harder to clean and potentially grinding the dirt deeper into the material.
The Importance of Spot Testing
This is a non-negotiable step. Different materials, dyes, and finishes react unpredictably to cleaning solutions. To avoid a disaster, always perform a spot test. Choose a small, inconspicuous area of the shoe, such as the inner side of the heel or under the tongue. Apply a small amount of your cleaning solution with a cotton swab and let it sit for a few minutes. Wipe it off and let it dry. If there is no discoloration, fading, or damage, you can safely proceed with cleaning the rest of the shoe.
Cleaning Canvas and Fabric Shoes (Sneakers, Espadrilles)
Canvas and fabric shoes are popular for their comfort and style, but their woven texture can easily trap dirt and stains. While durable, they require a careful cleaning method to avoid discoloration or weakening the fabric. With the right technique, you can easily restore their fresh, clean appearance.
The Gentle Hand-Washing Method
For most canvas shoes, hand-washing is the safest and most effective method. It gives you complete control over the process and prevents the potential damage that a washing machine can cause.
- Create Your Cleaning Solution: In a small bowl, mix one teaspoon of mild laundry detergent or dish soap into two cups of warm water. Stir until the soap is fully dissolved.
- Scrub the Uppers: Dip a soft brush or cloth into the soapy solution. Working in small, circular motions, gently scrub the entire surface of the canvas. Pay extra attention to heavily soiled areas. An old toothbrush is perfect for getting into the seams and around the eyelets.
- Address the Soles: For the rubber soles and sidewalls, you can use a bit more pressure. A magic eraser or a paste made from equal parts baking soda and water is highly effective at removing scuffs and yellowing. Apply the paste with a toothbrush, scrub, and let it sit for a few minutes before wiping it clean.
- Rinse Carefully: Dampen a clean microfiber cloth with plain water and wipe down the entire shoe to remove any soap residue. It’s important to “rinse” the shoe this way rather than submerging it in water, which can damage the shoe’s structure and adhesives.
Tackling Tough Stains: Grass, Mud, and Oil
Sometimes, a general cleaning isn’t enough. Different types of stains require specific treatments.
- Grass Stains: Mix equal parts white vinegar and water. Apply the solution directly to the stain with a cloth and gently dab at it. Let it sit for about 30 minutes before proceeding with the general cleaning method.
- Mud Stains: The most important step is to let the mud dry completely. Trying to wipe away wet mud will only smear it deeper into the fabric. Once it’s dry, clap the shoes together to dislodge large chunks, then use a dry brush to flake off the rest.
- Oil or Grease Stains: Act quickly. Sprinkle cornstarch or baking soda directly onto the stain. This will help absorb the oil. Let it sit for several hours, then brush it off. Afterward, you can treat any remaining discoloration with your soap solution.
Can You Use a Washing Machine? A Word of Caution
While tempting for its convenience, using a washing machine on canvas shoes comes with risks. The tumbling action can weaken the adhesives that hold the shoe together and may cause the shoe to lose its shape. If you choose to machine wash, do so sparingly and follow these safety precautions:
- Place the shoes (with laces and insoles removed) inside a mesh laundry bag or a pillowcase.
- Add a few old towels to the load to balance it and prevent the shoes from banging against the drum.
- Use a small amount of liquid detergent and select a delicate cycle with cold water.
- Never, ever put your shoes in the dryer. The high heat will warp the rubber, melt the glue, and shrink the fabric. Always let them air dry.
Reviving Leather and Faux Leather Footwear
Leather shoes are a timeless staple, known for their durability and ability to mold to the wearer’s foot. Whether real or synthetic, leather requires specific care to maintain its supple texture and rich color. Unlike fabric, leather should not be saturated with water, and it needs regular conditioning to prevent it from drying out and cracking.
The Basic Clean for Smooth Leather
This method is suitable for most types of smooth, finished leather, including dress shoes, boots, and fashion sneakers.
- Wipe Down the Surface: After a thorough dry brushing, dampen a soft cloth with water. Wring it out so it is damp, not soaking wet. Gently wipe down the entire surface of the shoe to remove any remaining surface dirt.
- Apply a Gentle Cleaner: You can use a commercial leather cleaner or make your own by mixing a few drops of mild dish soap into a bowl of warm water. Dip a clean cloth into the soapy water, wring it out, and gently wipe the leather. Work in sections and follow the grain of the material.
- Remove Soap Residue: Use a separate, clean, damp cloth to wipe away any soap residue. It’s important to remove all the soap, as it can dry out the leather over time.
- Dry Immediately: Use a dry, soft cloth to buff the shoes dry. Do not leave them to air dry while wet, as water can leave spots and streaks on the leather.
Conditioning: The Key to Longevity
Cleaning leather without conditioning it is like washing your hair without using conditioner. The cleaning process can strip away some of the natural oils that keep the material soft and flexible. Conditioning replenishes this moisture, preventing cracks and extending the life of your shoes.
- Choose the Right Conditioner: Leather conditioners come in various forms, including creams, oils, and waxes. Creams are great for general use, while oils provide deeper conditioning for very dry leather. Waxes offer conditioning plus a layer of water resistance.
- Application Process: Apply a small amount of conditioner to a clean, soft cloth. Work it into the leather using small, circular motions. Apply a thin, even coat over the entire shoe, paying special attention to any creases.
- Let it Absorb: Allow the conditioner to sit and absorb into the leather for at least 15-20 minutes. Some products may recommend a longer waiting time.
- Buff to a Shine: Once the conditioner has been absorbed, take another clean, dry cloth and buff the shoes to remove any excess product and bring out a natural shine.
Scuff and Salt Stain Removal
Daily wear can lead to unsightly scuffs and, in colder climates, damaging salt stains.
- Scuffs: For minor scuffs on smooth leather, you can often buff them out with a clean cloth. For more stubborn marks, try rubbing them gently with a standard pencil eraser. For deeper scuffs, a color-matched shoe cream or polish can help cover the blemish.
- Salt Stains: Winter salt can pull moisture from leather, leaving behind white, chalky stains. To remove them, create a solution of two parts water and one part white vinegar. Dampen a cloth with the solution and gently wipe at the stains. The vinegar will dissolve the salt deposits. Wipe the area with a clean, damp cloth afterward and allow it to dry completely before conditioning.
Caring for Suede and Nubuck: A Delicate Task
Suede and nubuck are beloved for their soft, velvety texture, but this delicate surface makes them notoriously susceptible to stains and water damage. The key to cleaning these materials is to use minimal moisture and the right tools. An aggressive approach can permanently ruin the signature nap, so a gentle hand is required.
The Essential Suede Cleaning Kit
You cannot effectively clean suede or nubuck without a few specialized tools. Investing in a basic suede care kit is the best way to protect your footwear.
- Suede Brush: This is the most important tool. A typical suede brush has two sides: one with soft nylon or brass bristles for lifting away dirt and restoring the nap, and another with rubber nubs for rubbing out tougher stains and scuffs.
- Suede Eraser: This works like a pencil eraser, crumbling as it lifts dry stains and shiny spots from the suede’s surface without the need for any liquid. A clean pencil eraser can work in a pinch.
- Suede Protector Spray: While not a cleaning tool, applying a protector spray to new or freshly cleaned suede shoes is the best preventative measure. It creates an invisible barrier that repels water and helps prevent stains from setting in.
Dry Cleaning Techniques for Everyday Dirt
For general maintenance and light soiling, a dry cleaning method is always the first line of defense.
- Ensure the Shoe is Dry: Never attempt to clean wet suede. If your shoes are damp, stuff them with newspaper and let them air dry completely, away from direct heat.
- Brush Vigorously: Use the bristled side of your suede brush to brush the entire surface of the shoe. Use firm, back-and-forth motions to loosen and remove dust and dirt. This also helps to lift the nap, which can become flattened with wear.
- Target Scuffs and Stains: For scuff marks or more concentrated areas of dirt, use the suede eraser. Rub it firmly over the affected area. The friction will lift the stain from the fibers.
- Restore the Nap: After erasing, the nap may look a bit messy. Use the suede brush again, but this time, brush gently in a single direction to restore its uniform, velvety appearance.
Handling Water Spots and Tougher Stains
Accidents happen, and sometimes a dry cleaning isn’t enough. Addressing liquid stains on suede is a delicate process.
- Water Spots: Ironically, the best way to remove a water spot is with more water. Use a soft brush or cloth to apply a very thin, even layer of water to the entire shoe. This prevents a new, larger water ring from forming. Blot any excess moisture with a dry cloth or sponge, then stuff the shoes with paper and let them dry naturally. Once dry, use your suede brush to restore the nap.
- Oil or Grease Stains: If you get an oil stain on your suede, immediately apply a generous amount of cornstarch or talcum powder to the spot. Let it sit for several hours (or overnight) to draw the oil out of the material. Afterward, gently brush the powder away. Repeat if necessary.
- Tough Stains (Ink, Wine): For very difficult stains, you may need a more targeted approach. Dab the stain with a cloth lightly dampened with white vinegar or rubbing alcohol. Be sure to blot, not rub. Let it dry completely before brushing the nap. Always spot-test this method first.
How to Clean Athletic and Running Shoes (Mesh & Synthetics)
Athletic shoes are built for performance, which means they endure sweat, dirt, and heavy use. Their complex construction often involves multiple materials like mesh, synthetics, and foam, all of which can trap dirt and odor. A thorough cleaning not only improves their appearance but also helps maintain their breathability and performance.
Deep Cleaning Uppers and Midsoles
The uppers and midsoles are the most visible parts of a running shoe and often show the most dirt.
- Prepare the Cleaning Solution: In a bowl, mix a small amount of gentle laundry detergent with warm water. Avoid using dish soap for athletic shoes, as it can sometimes leave a residue on synthetic materials.
- Scrub the Uppers: Dip a soft brush or cloth into the solution and gently scrub the mesh and synthetic uppers. For mesh, a toothbrush is excellent for getting deep into the woven fabric without causing snags. Work in small sections, rinsing the brush frequently.
- Focus on the Midsoles: The foam midsoles are prone to scuffs and ground-in dirt. For these, a magic eraser is incredibly effective. Dampen the eraser and rub it along the midsoles to lift away marks. Alternatively, a paste of baking soda and water applied with a toothbrush works well as a gentle abrasive.
- Wipe Clean: Use a clean cloth dampened with plain water to wipe down the entire shoe, removing all soap and cleaning residue.
Banishing Odor: The Real Challenge
For many athletic shoes, the biggest problem isn’t how they look but how they smell. Sweat creates a breeding ground for odor-causing bacteria.
- Clean the Insoles: Odor often originates in the insoles. Remove them and scrub them with your detergent solution. For a deeper clean, you can soak them in a solution of equal parts water and white vinegar for an hour, then rinse and let them air dry completely.
- Deodorize the Interior: Once the shoes are clean and dry, sprinkle a generous amount of baking soda inside each one. Let them sit overnight. The baking soda will absorb moisture and neutralize odors. Simply tap out the excess powder in the morning.
- Use Tea Bags: Unused, dry black tea bags are another great natural deodorizer. The tannins in the tea help kill bacteria. Place a few bags in each shoe and leave them for 24 hours.
Proper Drying Techniques to Maintain Shape
How you dry your athletic shoes is just as important as how you clean them. Improper drying can ruin their shape and compromise the integrity of the cushioning and adhesives.
- Stuff the Shoes: After cleaning, loosely stuff the shoes with crumpled newspaper or paper towels. This helps absorb internal moisture and, more importantly, helps the shoe maintain its shape as it dries. Change the paper every few hours if the shoes are very wet.
- Air Dry Only: Place the shoes in a well-ventilated area to air dry. Never place them in a clothes dryer, near a radiator, or in direct sunlight. The intense, direct heat can cause the glues to melt, the foam to warp, and the synthetic materials to become brittle and crack. Patience is key; it may take a full day or longer for them to dry completely.
Specialized Cleaning for Other Materials
While canvas, leather, and suede cover the majority of footwear, some shoes are made from unique materials that require a special touch. Knowing how to care for these less common types can save a favorite pair of special-occasion heels or rugged work boots from ruin. Schedule your maid services and experience the pristine difference for home
Patent Leather: Achieving a Streak-Free Shine
Patent leather is known for its high-gloss finish, which is actually a plastic or acrylic coating. This coating makes it waterproof and relatively easy to clean, but it’s also prone to scuffs and fingerprints.
- Basic Cleaning: The best way to clean patent leather is with a simple solution. Mix a small amount of mild soap with water. Dip a soft, lint-free cloth into the solution, wring it out well, and gently wipe down the entire surface. Immediately follow up with a dry microfiber cloth to buff away any streaks and restore the shine.
- Removing Scuffs: For minor scuff marks, try rubbing them with a bit of petroleum jelly or mineral oil on a cotton ball. This can help lubricate and lift the mark. For ink or tougher scuffs, a small amount of rubbing alcohol on a cotton swab can be effective, but be sure to spot-test first as it can be harsh.
- Restoring Gloss: To enhance the signature shine, you can use a small amount of window cleaner on a clean cloth. The ammonia-free formulas work best. A quick buff will leave the surface sparkling and streak-free.
Rubber Boots and Crocs: The Easiest Clean
Footwear made entirely of rubber or Croslite™ material, like rain boots and Crocs, is designed to be waterproof and durable, making it incredibly simple to clean.
- Hand-Washing: For a quick clean, you can simply wash them in the sink. Use warm water and a generous amount of dish soap. A scrub brush or sponge will easily remove mud, grass, and any other debris. Rinse them thoroughly with cool water and let them air dry or wipe them down with a towel.
- Dishwasher Method: For a deeper, sanitizing clean, many rubber clogs and boots can be placed in the dishwasher. Put them on the top rack by themselves and run a normal cycle. It is critical to turn off the heated dry setting, as the high heat can cause the material to warp. Let them air dry completely before wearing.
Satin and Velvet: For Special Occasions
Satin and velvet are luxurious but extremely delicate fabrics that are easily damaged by water and abrasion. These materials are best reserved for special occasions and should be cleaned with the utmost care.
- Satin: If you get a stain on satin shoes, you must act immediately. Gently blot the stain with a clean, dry cloth to absorb as much of the substance as possible. Do not rub, as this will spread the stain and damage the fabric’s sheen. For a water-based stain, you can try blotting with a cloth lightly dampened with cold water. For anything more serious, it is highly recommended to take them to a professional cleaner who specializes in delicate fabrics.
- Velvet: Water is the enemy of velvet, as it can crush the material’s pile and leave permanent marks. For dust and light dirt, use a soft-bristled clothes brush and gently brush in the direction of the pile. You can also use the brush attachment on a vacuum cleaner. To revive a flattened pile, you can hold the shoes over the steam from a kettle or a garment steamer (from a safe distance) for a few seconds, then brush the pile back into place. For stains, professional cleaning is the safest option.
Conclusion
The foundation of effective shoe care lies in a simple, consistent principle: identify the material, then select the appropriate cleaning method. A gentle, soapy solution works wonders for canvas sneakers, while a dry brush and a specialized eraser are essential for preserving the delicate nap of suede. For leather, cleaning must always be followed by conditioning to maintain its strength and flexibility, and athletic shoes require a focus on both external cleaning and internal deodorizing. By understanding these distinct needs, you can move beyond a one-size-fits-all approach and provide the specific care each pair requires.
Regular maintenance does more than just keep your shoes looking new; it protects your investment and ensures they remain comfortable and supportive for as long as possible. Take a moment to look at your shoe collection. Pick a pair that has seen better days and apply the targeted techniques from this guide. You will likely be surprised at how a little bit of focused effort can dramatically restore their appearance and extend their life, proving that expert-level shoe care is easily achievable right at home. Contact us and Get a Free Quote Today.